The philosophy of utilitarianism, a consequentialist approach of ethics developed by ethicists Bentham and John Stuart Mill, argues that the best decision is the one that maximizes overall well-being or pleasure. Fundamental to this philosophy is the "Greatest Happiness Principle," which claims that actions are ethically correct if they increase pleasure and unjustified if they produce the contrary. The utilitarian approach judges the rightness of an action based on its consequence, making it a practical method to ethical decision-making.

This ethical theory confronts traditional moral systems that prioritize duties or principles, conversely advocating for a flexible method that weighs the consequences of behaviors. Advocates of utilitarianism argue that by focusing on the highest well-being for the greatest number, the community can reach a higher overall level of well-being. This concept has been used in multiple domains, including economics, politics, and policy-making, shaping actions that strive to improve public well-being and diminish misery.

The utilitarian approach also deals with the nuances of measuring and comparing happiness. Detractors contend that it can be problematic to calculate joy and that small business philosophy this philosophy may overlook the rights and dignity of persons. Nonetheless, supporters argue that the utilitarian approach offers a objective and impartial system for judging ethical problems, encouraging a more humane and realistic view to moral decision-making. By prioritizing the consequences of decisions and aiming to increase overall pleasure, the utilitarian philosophy provides a convincing model for attaining a equitable and equitable society.